香蕉氮·磷·钾施肥效应模型探析

Effect Models of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Formulation in Banana

[目的]研究香蕉N、P、K肥施用量,为建立香蕉平衡施肥指标体系提供参考依据。[方法]通过对香蕉进行N、P、K肥料"3414"试验,并对结果进行肥料效应回归分析,拟合建立产量三元二次、一元二次和二元二次肥料效应回归模型。[结果]适量的N、P、K肥料对香蕉的增产效应明显,过量施肥造成肥料利用率下降,在生产中N、P、K肥宜选择适宜的用量。建议采用一元二次肥料效应模型计算推荐施肥量,试验土壤的香蕉最佳产量为44.193～45.904t/hm2时,对应的N、P2O5、K2O最佳经济施用量分别为795.1、262.3、1236.9kg/hm2,其N、P、K施肥比例为1∶0.33∶1.55。[结论]试验结果可供与试验地(黏壤土)相类似的土壤类型区参考应用。

[Objective] The aim was to modify the application amount of N,P and K fertilizer so as to provide a reference for establishing balanced fertilization index system of banana. [Method] The N,P and K fertilizer ＂3414＂ test was carried out on banana,and then regression analysis was performed on the fertilizer effect. Ternary quadratic,binary quadric and one-variable quadratic regression equations for the fertilizer effect on the banana yield were constructed. [Result] Suitable amount of N,P and K fertilizer had significant yield improving effect,whereas overdose of fertilizer application led to decreasing of utilization rate of fertilizer. Therefore,suitable amount of N,P and K fertilizer should be selected in production. It could be concluded that one-variable quadratic regression equations was the best model to calculate the suitable fertilizer amount. The best yield range of banana in the tested field was 44.193-45.904 t/hm2,while the corresponding optimum application amount of N,P2O5 and K2O was 795.1,262.3 and 1 236.9 kg/hm2 respectively,and the ratio among nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium are 1∶0.33∶1.55. [Conclusion] The result in this study could provide references for the soil types similar to the tested field.