我国粮食主产区农地使用权流转的调查与思考

Investigation and Reflection on the Circulation of Agricultural Lands' Using Right in China's Major Grain Producing Areas

选择洞庭湖平原、太湖平原、江汉平原部分县(市)对农户农地流转(转出或转入)情况进行问卷调查。结果表明,转入的主要原因是增加家庭收入;转出或撂荒的主要原因是劳力不够或农业比较收入低;转入农地考虑因素区域间各有侧重;流转范围局限在本组、本村;流转方式以代耕、租赁为主;流转实现途径主要依赖农户,中介组织发育不良;流转合同形式有待规范,法律对租赁合同的保护作用不够大;自有资金完全能够满足农地转入的资金需求;流转中村集体的管理缺失;农户对政府的政策期望多元化。建议应强化村集体在农地流转中的地位和作用;大力发展非农产业,提供稳定的非农收益;因地制宜,完善农地流转形式;完善政策,制定法规,规范流转。

Besed on the questionnaire conducted among farmers from some counties（cities） in Dongting Lake Plain,Taihu Lake Plain and Jianghan Lake Plain,the circulation of agriculture lands＇ using right was investigated.The results showed that the main reason for roll-in of lands was increasing of family income;while for roll-out was lacking of labor of ralatively lower income from farming;and the major factors influencing lands＇ roll-tin differs from region to region.The circulation always occurred inside the group and village;rent and replacement cultivation were the main circulation rate;the approch of circution mainly rely on the farmers as the imtermediary organization were not well developed： The form of circulation contact meed to be standarized;and the force adeffect of contract was not strong enough.Private capital could meet the financial needs of roll-in;but collectire management was missing;and the farmers were hoping diversification of policy.Measures including circulation of agricultural land,developing non-agrculture industry to provide stable non-agriculture income,improving circulation form according to local circumstances,establishing policies and regulations and standard of circulation were recommended.