再灌注损伤挽救激酶信号通路在心肌再灌注损伤保护中的研究进展

Progress in reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway of cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion injury

再灌注损伤挽救激酶(reperfusion injury salvage kinase,RISK)信号通路是指一组促存活蛋白激酶,主要包括磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(phosphatidylinositol-3-OHkinase,PI3K)-蛋白激酶B(Akt)和细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶1/2(extra-cellular sig-nal-regulated protein kinase 1/2,Erk1/2),心肌再灌注时被激活,有强大的心脏保护作用。机械干预(如缺血预适应和缺血后处理)和药物干预(如他汀,腺苷,心房钠尿肽等)均能激活RISK信号通路,使心肌梗死面积减少最多达50%。RISK信号通路是近年来研究较多的再灌注时干预的靶点,具有良好的应用前景。文中就RISK信号通路的定义、下游效应器以及作用于RISK信号通路的各种干预方法做一综述。

Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase（RISK）pathway,the term given to a group of pro-survival protein kinases（mainly include PI3K-Akt and Erk1/2）,confers powerful cardioprotection when activated specifically at the time of myocardial reperfusion.Mechanical stimuli（such as ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning） and pharmacological interventions（such as statins,adenosine and atrial natriuretic peptide） can recruit RISK pathway and decrease myocardial infarction size by up to 50%.Targeting the RISK pathway may provide a novel strategy to limit reperfusion injury and have a good application prospect.This article reviewed the definition,the downstream effector,and various intervention methods of the RISK pathway.