黄疸前期壶腹周围癌的诊断和治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of the periampullary carcinoma in the pre-jaundice stage

目的 探讨黄疽前期壶腹周围痛的临床特点,提高早期诊断率和手术疗效.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2005年12月收治的27例黄疸前期壶腹周围癌的临床资料.结果 黄疸前期壶腹周围癌的临床症状多为非特异性,主要包括上腹部饱胀不适（92.6%）、上腹部胀痛或隐痛（55.6%）以及不规则发热等（29.6%）.B超、CT、MRCP、ERCP和内镜超声（EUS）等影像学检查有助于早期诊断,其阳性发现率分别为75.6%、85.2%、83.3%、84.6%和88.9%.本组27例患者中,19例行区域性胰十二指肠切除术,5例行胰十二指肠切除联合血管切除,3例行胆管或胆囊空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术,总切除率为88.9%.无手术死亡,术后并发症发生率为7.4%.术后1、3、5年生存率分别为100%、70.8%、41.7%.结论 壶腹周围癌在黄疸前期有其临床特点和影像学异常改变.如能在黄疸前期作出明确诊断,仍然是提高手术切除率和改善预后的一个重要途径.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of periampullary carcinoma in the prejaundice stage and improve early diagnosis rate and operative effects.Methods Clinical data of 27 cases with periampullary carcinoma in the prejaundice stage in our institute during the period of Jan 1998 to Dec 2005were analyzed retrospectively.Results The clinical symptom was mostly nonspecific, mainly included abdominal discomfort （ 92.6% ）, abdominal pain （ 55.6% ）, and irregular fever （ 29.6% ）.The positive diagnosis rate with US, CT, MRCP, ERCP and EUS was 75.6%, 85.2%, 83.3%, 84.6%, and 88.9%,respectively, and they were helpful for early diagnosis.Among these 27 patients, 19 cases received regional pancreaticoduodenectomy, and 5 cases received pancreaticoduodenectomy in combination with vessel resection,3 cases received bile duct or gallbladder jejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis, the overall resection rate was 88.9% with no operative mortality, and the post-operation complication rate was 7.4%.The 1,3, and 5 year survival rates were 100%, 70.8% and 41.7%, respectively.Conclusions The periampullary carcinoma in the prejaundice stage has its own clinical characteristics and abnormal image changes.If the diagnosis can be confirmed in the prejaundice stage, it is still an important method to improve the resection rate and prognosis.