伤城记——深圳学童绑架案引发的流言、谣言和都市传说

Gossip,Rumour,and Public Narrative of A Child Kidnapping Event in Shenzhen

本文以2009年深圳发生的学童绑架案为切入点,考察由此引发的流言、谣言和都市传说。在对各方言论进行内容分析和文本分析、对相关人员深入访谈以及对深圳5区10所小学问卷调查的基础上,本文再现了群体层面的流言演变为社会层面的谣言,并最终沉淀为文化层面的都市传说的全过程。从流言到谣言再到都市传说,既是时间递进、传播范围扩张的过程,也是意义不断升华的过程。从中,我们看到了现代都市中孤立的个体、断裂的社会及异化的文明,同时也看到了民众对群体认同、官民互信和回归传统的渴望。

This study examines how a child kidnapping incident caused gossip and rumour, and finally became the talk of the town in Shenzhen in 2009. Based on the analysis of public opinions, in-depth interviews with informants, and a survey of ten primary schools in five districts of Shenzhen, this paper demonstrates the evolutionary process from group-level gossip to society-level rumor, and finally to culture-level public narrative. This process involves not only development in time and space, but also sublimation of meanings. Through this process, we can see isolated individuals, divided society, and alienated civilization, as well as the public desire for group identity, mutual trust between government and people, and the return to traditional norms.