北细辛种子贮藏过程中生活力及种胚形态后熟研究

Study on Vigor and Embryo Appearance of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Var. mandshuricum(Maxim) Kitag.Seed During Preservation

通过对北细辛（Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Var.mandshuricum（Maxim）kitag.）种子种胚萌发能力的验证、贮藏过程中种子活力测定以及种胚形态石蜡切片观察。结果表明,离体胚在25℃恒温、3 500-4 000 lx光照条件或暗条件下培养均枯死,北细辛种子采收后种胚不具有萌发能力。种子在3 500-4 000 lx光照条件下培养,5周后开始萌发,而在暗培养条件下,5周后则不萌发。室温条件下沙藏,北细辛种子活力保持不变,活力指数为88.3%-88.7%。种胚形态解剖结构观察发现,北细辛种胚发育过程为经过球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷型胚、具有完整子叶胚等阶段,其胚轴伸长、胚根伸长直至发芽。

The germination ability and vigor and embryo of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Var.mandshuricum（Maxim） kitag.seed were studied in this paper.The results showed that the embryo couldn＇t germinate at any condition which was 25℃ and 3500 lx to 4000lx or 25℃and darkness.The seed could germinate at 25℃ and 3500lx to 4000lx after 5 weeks,but could not germinate at 25℃ and darkness.The ratio of vigor could remain constant 88.3% to 88.7% during the seed preservation in wet sand.The appearance of embryo changed with the preservation time progressively through microscopic observation.The development process of embryo could be described as globular shape to heart-shaped stage,torpedo-shaped stage to mature cotyledons stage.