钯钇合金膜分离器级联分离氢同位素理论计算

Simulation of hydrogen isotope separation by cascade palladium-yttrium alloy membrane separation unit

钯合金膜分离氢同位素具有分离能力强、氚滞留量小以及装置设计简单等优点,是一种很有发展潜力的氢同位素分离方法,但受膜及泵输系统等因素的制约,目前仍处于概念设计阶段。文中针对级联分离建立了考虑返混的近似模型。模型表明:各级的分流比和分离系数相同时,对含氚体积分数0.065%的氢同位素混合气体,在0.2分流比(体积比),分离系数为2.5时,经过3级富集和4级贫化就可以得到含氚体积分数1.5%的产品和含氚体积分数0.000 5%的贫料;相同分离系数下,分流比较大时分离系统的规模较小。

The separation of hydrogen isotope with palladium alloy membranes is regarded as one of the promising methods for hydrogen isotope separation,which is featured by high separation efficiency,smaller tritium inventory,simple separation device,etc.Limited by the manufacture of membrane and cost of gas circulating pump,this method is still at the stage of conceptual design.Considering the gases back from the next stage,the approximate model was set up to predict the separation efficiency of cascade separation system.The model shows that the gaseous hydrogen isotopes with volume fraction 0.065% tritium can be split into a product gas with volume fraction 1.5% tritium and a waste gas with volume fraction 0.000 5% tritium after 3 enrichment stages and 4 stripping stages when the split volume ratio is 0.2 with a separation factor of 2.5 in all separation stages.The scale of the cascade separation system changes with the split ratio of each of the separators,the bigger the split ratio,the smaller the scale of the hydrogen isotope separation system.