基于最大似然估计的辐射噪声源近场定位方法性能分析

Orientation measure of radiant noise source at short distance based on maximum likelihood estimation

如何利用较少的阵元个数得到比较理想的空间分辨力,准确找到噪声源位置,一直是人们比较关心的问题,因此介绍了基于最大似然估计的辐射噪声源近场定位方法,并利用遗传算法寻求最大似然估计的全局最优解,从而实现噪声源近场定位,其具有比常规聚焦波束形成更高的空间分辨力,且可以有效实现相干声源近场定位。通过计算机仿真详细分析了信噪比、测量距离及基阵孔径对本文算法定位性能的影响,说明了仅利用小孔径基阵就可实现辐射噪声源近场高分辨定位,最后通过湖试实验验证了该方法的有效性,具有一定的工程应用价值。

How to use the less number of array elements to receive a good spatial resolution and find the location of noise sources accurately is always the problem that people concern themselves with.In the paper,the method of locating near-field noise source was introduced based on maximum likelihood estimation and the maximum likelihood estimate of the global optimal solution by using genetic algorithm was presented to achieve the determination of near-field noise source location with higher spatial resolution compared with that by the conventional focused beamforming approach.Moreover,the coherent near-field sound source position can also be found effectively.Through computer simulation of a detailed analysis,the influences of signal to noise ratio,measurement distance and array aperture on the positioning performance of the algorithm were discussed.It can be known that if only small aperture array is used,the high-resolution positioning of near-field noise source radiation can be achieved immediately.Through lake tests,the validity of the method was verified.