中国、泰国、澳大利亚糖业竞争力比较与政策启示

The Comparison of Sugar Industry Competitiveness between China and Thailand and Australia: Evidence and Policy Implication

本文通过比较中国与泰国、澳大利亚等主要食糖出口国的产业技术经济指标,发现中国糖业竞争力明显较弱。在甘蔗生产环节表现为生产规模小、生产成本高、经济效益低;在制糖环节表现为制糖企业规模小、制糖成本高、税费负担重、产品质量较差。其深层次原因在于土壤气候等自然条件相对较差,产业技术改进力度不足,政府管理体制不顺,对糖业的支持保护不够等。为提高中国糖业国际竞争力,确保食糖产业安全,政府应加大投入力度,提高糖料生产基础设施水平和糖业综合技术水平,改革政府糖业管理体制,提高对食糖价格和产业链的宏观调控能力,建立糖业支持保护体系。

In this paper,by comparing a series of industrial technical and economic indicators of China,Thailand,Australia and other major sugar exporting countries,it was found that China＇s sugar industry has significantly weaker competitiveness than others.In sugarcane plant processes,disadvantages are mainly small-scale production,high production costs and low economic efficiency.While in sugar production sector,the defects perform as tax burden,poor quality of products as well as small scale and high production cost.The deep reason of this results in the following points： soil,climate and other natural conditions relatively poor,industrial technology inadequate improved and the government lack of efficient management system and appropriate support and protection.In order to enhance the international competitiveness of China＇s sugar industry,to ensure safety of the sugar industry,the government should increase investment,improve the level of sugar production infrastructure and its integrated technology,reform the government management system of sugar industry,heighten sugar prices accordingly,improve the macro-control capacity on industrial chains,and establish sugarsupport protection system