从人生艺术化到人道主义——朱光潜人生美学的世纪境遇

From Human Life Aesthetics to Humanism Aesthetics——Comparing the Early Stage and the Latter Stage of Zhu Guangqian's Aesthetics

朱光潜60余年美学历程大致可以划分为前期(1924—1949)与后期(1949—1986)两个阶段。《谈美》(1932)与《谈美书简》(1980)可以说是朱光潜美学前后两个时期的代表作。以此可以一窥朱氏美学思想的演变轨迹及其特点:即在话语"突围"中有观念的"固守",变外在的被动的"思想改造"为内在的主动的"美学突围",从而将前期立足于康德-克罗齐直觉主义的"人生美学"改造为后期的基于马克思主义的"人道主义美学",而审美与艺术必须为"人性"服务之人文主义目标却始终未变。

More than 60-year academic career of Zhu Guangqian can be broadly divided into the Early Stage（1897-1949） and the Latter Stage（1949-1986）.＂Talking about Aesthetics＂（1932） and ＂Letters of Aesthetics＂（1980） are Zhu Guangqian＇s aesthetic masterpieces of two periods.In this paper,by studying the two main texts,we want to make a detailed analysis of Zhu Guangqian＇s pre-and post aesthetics content as well as the aesthetic ideas of the main similarities and differences.In the comparison,we may have a glimpse into the evolution of Zhu＇s aesthetic thought track and its characteristics.There is the concept of the stick in the discourse metamorphosis.Changing external passive ＂thought reform＂ into the inner active ＂aesthetic breakthrough＂,Zhu had transformed the early stage ＂human life aesthetics＂ based on Kant-Croce＇s intuitive theory into the latter stage ＂humanitarian Aesthetics＂ based on Marxist.But the aesthetic and art＇s humanism objectives of servicing human nature remain unchanged.