脑肿瘤术后患者抗生素相关性腹泻的调查

Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Craniocerebral Operations Patients of Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

目的:研究脑肿瘤术后患者抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的发病特点和危险因素,为临床提供参考,促进合理用药。方法:回顾性调查41例发生AAD的脑肿瘤术后患者的临床资料和AAD相关因素,进而进行统计分析。结果:41例发生AAD的患者中,其中男性28例,女性13例,平均年龄(55±6.8)岁;单用抗生素以第3代头孢菌素、氧头孢烯类、碳青霉烯类较易发生AAD,而且联合使用抗生素比单用抗生素较易发生AAD;使用抗生素时间越长,AAD的发生率也越高。治疗方案,停用抗生素是首要的治疗措施,必要时口服微生态制剂和甲硝唑,重症患者可口服万古霉素。结论:合理应用抗生素是预防AAD的关键。

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the clinical characteristics,the incidence,risk factors,incubation period,and prevent methods of Antibiotic-associated diarrhea in surgical patients suffering craniocerebral operations.METHODS： Retrospective analysis was performed in 41 patients suffering craniocerebral operations with AAD.RESULTS：Of the 41 patients（mean age were 55 ± 6.8 years）,13 patients were women.The most frequently antibiotics were tert-cephalosporins,followed by Latamoxef,carbapenem..The incubation period of AAD was 10 ± 4.3 days.Prevalence ratio of AAD was 4.1%.The risk of AAD related to the kinds of using broad-spectrum antibiotics and period of treatment,antibiotics combination and incursions operation.Use of metronidazole in the treatment of AAD is appropriate in mild cases,and vancomycin is necessary in serious cases.Microecosystem preparation is necessary too.CONCLUSION：Stop using antibiotic is the most simple and effective measure,while using antibiotic reasonably is the key point to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea.