动物园部分动物舍内外环境中常见病原菌的调查

A Survey on the Common Pathogens of Internal and External Environment of Zoo Animal Hold

为了解动物园动物及其环境中常见病原菌的分布情况,采用菌落计数、细菌分离培养及动物致病性试验等方法,对南京市红山森林动物园的部分动物生存环境的空气、土壤、水共126份样品进行检测。结果表明,各种动物舍内菌落总数均大于舍外菌落总数。从126份样品中分离到16个菌种127个菌株,其中葡萄球菌有69株,占54.33%(69/127);肠杆菌有51株,占40.16%(51/127);链球菌有7株,占5.51%(7/127)。通过动物试验得知,分离得到的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、臭鼻克雷伯氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、假结核耶氏菌、福氏志贺氏菌1-5型、聚团肠杆菌和血链球菌等8种致病性较强,松鼠葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、解糖葡萄球菌和变异链球菌等4种致病性较弱,耳葡萄球菌、头葡萄球菌、施莱福葡萄球菌和唾液链球菌等无致病性。动物舍内外环境中葡萄球菌是主要污染菌。

The methods of colony count,bacteria isolation,culture and animal pathogenicity test were employed to mestigale the distribution of pathogens in part of the living environment of animals,air,soil and water of the zoo animals of the Hongshan Forest Zoo in Nanjing.The results indilcated that the total populations of baeteria were higher in internal hold than those of external hold.16 strains and 127 strains were isolated from 126 samples.Staphylococcus aureus numbered 69,accounting for 54.33%（69/127）;Enterobacter numbered 51,accounting for 40.16%（51/127）;Streptococcus numbered 7,accounting for 5.51%（7/127）.Pathogenicity test demonstrated that Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella smelly nose,Serratia marcescens,false tuberculosis yeah coli,Shigella flexneri types 1-5,Poly Enterobacter and Streptococcus sanguis had the strongest pathogenic aetivity,Squirrels aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans had weaker pathogen activity,while Ear aureus,Staphylococcus head,Shi Fortune Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus salivarius had non-pathogenic aetivity.Staphylococcus bacteria is the main pollution in the internal and external environment of the animal House.