小儿晕厥与代谢异常

Syncope and metabolic disorders in children

晕厥是儿科常见急症，代谢异常所致的晕厥是儿童晕厥鉴别诊断的重要原因之一。导致儿童晕厥的代谢异常主要有低血糖、过度换气、电解质紊乱、低氧血症等，其中低血糖病因包括高胰岛素血症、垂体和肾上腺疾病、糖尿病、酮症性低血糖及糖和有机酸、氨基酸代谢缺陷病等。本文介绍导致儿童晕厥常见的代谢异常及病因、疾病诊断和治疗。

Syncope is a common pediatric emergency event, which can be caused by various meta- bolic disorders different from other illness. The major metabolic anomalies include hypoglycemia,hyperventilation ,electrolytes imbalance, hypoxemia and others, in which hypoglycemia is caused by hyperinsulinemia, pituitary and adrenal disease, diabetes, ketotic hypoglycemia, inherited metabolic disorders of sugar, organic acids and amino-acids ,etc. This article introduced the common metabolic anomalies and their causes, diagnosis and therapy.