村级女干部的“去女性化”:性别、社会性别和领导力

"Defeminization" of Women Village Leaders:Sex,Gender and Leadership

本文对村级女干部"去女性化"的现象进行反思,在"为什么村级女干部会‘去女性化’?"的问题导向下,从众多的影响因素中选取"领导力"(leadership)为切入点,提出假设:是不是因为女性的领导力低于男性,所以才会出现"去女性化"?通过借鉴国外对"领导方式"的"2T"分析框架,探讨村级女干部参与治理的"应然"和"实然",即从"应然"上说,没有领导力效率的性别高低之分,只有工作类型的合适与否。从"实然"上分析,存在村级女干部"去女性化"的原因是观念、制度和现实的"共谋"。结论是在村级治理中,对"男性化"和"女性化"进行"优势叠加"的"中性化"是村级女干部的必然趋势。

This paper examines the state of ＂defeminization＂ of women village leaders based on a hypothesis of whether or not women have weaker leadership skills than men and this weak leadership skill is a contributing factor in ＂defeminization.＂ Using the international 2T leadership style model,it discusses the difference in ＂what it is＂ and ＂what ought to be＂ women village leaders＇ participation in governance.On the latter,there is only the question of whether or not the work assigned to women is appropriate when there is no gender difference in leadership effectiveness.On the former,＂defeminization＂ of women village leaders is caused by the reinforcement of values by the existing systems and conditions.The conclusion is that the joint advantage of ＂maleness＂ and ＂femaleness＂ of women village leaders has encouraged the rise of ＂gender neutrality＂ in women leaders leadership style.