我国农作物秸秆资源化利用的经济分析:一个理论框架

A Theoretical Framework for Economic Analysis of Crops Residues Utilization in China

农作物秸秆是生物质资源的主要来源之一,与之相关的技术开发目前已成为生态农业和可持续发展的一个重大课题。农作物秸秆资源化利用有肥料、燃料、饲料、工业原料和食用菌基料等多种途径和技术路径,这些利用方式和技术的经济可行性如何,引起了研究者越来越多的关注。文章提供了一个对我国农作物秸秆资源化利用行为进行经济分析的理论框架。在该框架中,农作物秸秆资源化利用的总收益包括秸秆产品的市场价值、秸秆资源使用节约的相关资源性产品价值以及秸秆产品使用产生的环境收益;农作物秸秆资源化利用的总成本则由秸秆的收集、运输、储藏、加工以及机会成本构成。最后,文章对农作物秸秆资源化利用的公共政策等问题进行讨论。

Crops residues are one of the main feedstock of biomass resources and related technical research and development nowadays has become a major issue of the ecological agriculture and sustainable development. The utilization of crops residues resource has a variety of ways and technological paths, such as fertilizer, fuel, feed, industrial materials and base material of edible mushroom. How is about the economic feasibility of this ways, which attracts the more and more attention by researchers. This paper provides a theoretical framework for economic analysis of crops residues resource utilization in China. In this framework, the total benefits Of crops residues resource utilization include market value of goods produced by crops residues, market value of resource products saved by crops residues utilization and environmental income produced by crops residues utilization, the total cost of crops residues resource utilization is the sum of collected cost, transportation cost, storage cost, processing cost and opportunity cost. Finally, the paper also discusses other topics, such as public policy to support crops residues resource utilization.