出租车特许经营权管制评析

Review on the regulation of taxi industry franchise

我国政府对出租车行业实行严格的准入管制,但基于自然垄断特性而对出租车行业进行准入管制的理由是不充分的。在特许经营权收益绝大部分分配给了出租车公司的情况下,政府管制使出租车公司获得垄断高价,并侵害到出租车司机与乘客的权益;出租车公司的高额利润导致非法营运增多,显然其收益与贡献是极其不匹配的。深层次原因是市场需求与准入管制的时滞性矛盾、出租车数量在空间分布上的不均衡及政府将新增道路上出租车的特许经营权完全无偿赋予了出租车公司。现阶段,在促进有效竞争的基础上实行管制创新就成为一个必然的选择。

Chinese government has implied strict access control on the taxi industry.However,due to the natural monopoly characteristics of the taxi industry,the reason for access control is not sufficient.In the case of the vast majority of franchise revenue allocated to the taxi companies,the government control makes the taxi companies establish high monopoly prices which hurt the interests of taxi drivers and passengers.The high profits of the taxi companies result in the increasing of illegal operation.It is apparent that the benefits and the contributions of the taxi companies don＇t match extremely.The deep-seated reason is that market demand and access control have time-lagged contradiction,the spatial distribution of taxi industry isn＇t balanced and the government gives the franchise of the new roads to the taxi companies completely free.Therefore,regulation innovation must be implemented on the basis of the promotion of effective competition.