中日公务员行政惩戒法律救济制度的比较

Comparison on the Legal Remedy System of the Civil Service Administrative Disciplinary in Japan and China

公务员惩戒制度是通过惩罚公务员的失职行为而对该公务员及其他公务员予以警戒的制度。该制度对打造一支高素质的公务员队伍,防止公务员滥用权力和违法乱纪等方面起了很大作用,但如果惩戒不当,对公务员合法权益将造成莫大的损害。"有损害就有救济",纵观世界各国的公务员权益救济制度,大体上采用两种模式:一种是行政救济与司法救济"并轨"的救济模式,如美国、日本等;另一种是以行政救济作为单一的救济模式,如我国现在所实行的公务员申诉与控告的行政救济制度。本文通过比较中日两国的公务员行政惩戒救济制度,以"扬弃"的移植理念,完善我国的公务员行政惩戒救济制度。

Civil service disciplinary system is the system that to alert civil servants and others by penalizing his negligent acts. It plays an important role in building a high-quality civil servant group, preventing the abuse of power and the break of law, and other aspects. But if the disciplinary is improper, it will cause great damage to the legitimate rights and interests of civil servants. ＂Where is damage there is relief. ＂ Throughout the world＇s civil rights remedy system, in general there is two modes： one is the administrative remedy and judicial relief ＂merged＂ pattern, such as the U.S. And Japan; the other is use the administrative remedies as a single reneI pattern, SUCh a~ the civil servant appeal and complaint system now practised in our country. This paper compares the administrative disciplinary relief system for civil servants nounce＂ the concept of transplantation, and to improve the for the civil servants in our country. in Japan and China, in order to ＂ readministrative disciplinary relief system