1999年《蒙特利尔公约》先行付款制度之检讨——以航空旅客运输消费者权益保护为视角

Self-Criticizing for Advance Payment of the 1999 Montreal Convention——In the Perspective of Protecting Consumer's Interests by Air Transportation

先行付款制度是作为调整国际航空运输某些规定的1999年《蒙特利尔公约》对华沙公约体系现代化和一体化的创新因素之一。该制度在国际航空运输立法的新时期具有先进性和前瞻性,对保护航空旅客运输事故中的受害者权益具有一定的法律作用。但是,该制度制定十多年来从理论到实践当中还存在一些不尽人意的地方,具有软法性质,实则是一个空虚的法律架构,因而有必要对此制度做必要的考量和检讨,以利于我国正确运用和在国内法中加以合理规定。

Advance payment is one of genuine innovation which is made by 1999 Montreal Convention regulating some rules of international carriage by air during the process of modernization and consolidation of Warsaw Convention system, which is advanced in the new era of legislation of international carriage by air and has some certain legal effects for protecting aviation consumer＇s interests. But it also exists some problems since it was prescribed in 1999 for ten years, and has a characteristic of soft law and is a meaningless legal framework. So it is necessary for us to make some examinations and self-criticizing to benefit China exercising correctly and regulating it reasonably.