早产儿气质研究进展

Temperaments of premature infants

气质是婴儿出生后最早表现出来的较为明显而稳定的人格特征,遗传、早产、低出生体质量以及与早产相关的临床并发症对气质的发展和类型有重要影响.该文通过总结近年来国内外早产儿气质研究的成果和进展,综述了早产儿气质研究的研究方法、早产儿气质特点及气质类型的影响因素,强调早产儿气质研究的重要性,提出对早产儿进行气质分析可以早期发现问题,循序渐进地对不同气质儿童进行针对性培养和行为教育,有助于早产儿智能和心理的健康发育.

Temperament is the first distinct and stable personality after infants＇ birth. The development and type of the temperament is mainly associated with genetics factors, premature birth, low birth weight and clinical complications. This article describes the domestic and abroad researches and progress on premature infants＇ temperament in recent years, including research methods, temperament characteristic and influence factors of temperament types, and emphersizes the importance of the study on the premature infants＇ temperament. We raise the point that analyzing the temperament of premature children in early stage could discover temperament disorders earlier, and guide targeted training or behavior education based on different temperaments, which do good to intelligence and psychological development of premature infants.