无线传感器网络最小测距误差估计定位算法

Minimum Range Error Estimation Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

针对无线传感器网络的节点定位问题,提出一种分布式节点定位算法.算法通过构造未知节点到它邻居信标节点的测距误差之和的函数,并用Nelder-Mead单纯形方法计算该函数的最小值,以计算未知节点的坐标;通过使用时间轮机制来降低在迭代定位产生的累积误差.实验结果表明,用最小测距误差估计方法定位比用极大似然估计定位的平均定位精度高,使用时间轮机制可以有效降低迭代定位时产生的累积误差.

This paper proposes a distributed localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks. The algorithm formulates a function that presents the sum of range errors of an unknown node to its all neighboring anchors and applies the Nelder-Mead simplex method to solve the minimum value of the function to calculate the unknown node＇s location; and it also applies time round mechanism to re- duce error accumulations caused by iteratively localizing. Experimental results reveal that applying the minimum range error estimation to calculate location is more accurate than applying maximum likelihood estimation, and applying time round scheme can effectively reduce the cumulative errors caused by iteratively localizing.