《八旗满洲氏族通谱》蒙古姓氏考

The Mongolian Names in the General Genealogy of the Manchu Families of the Eight Banners

《八旗满洲氏族通谱》是清廷官修的一部旗人谱书,共收录姓氏1100多个,多数为满洲姓氏,所收他族姓氏中包括列为蒙古姓氏的230多个。书中为各姓氏的重要人物撰写了简要传记,交代其原居地、归附时间、氏族繁衍、成员勋绩等方面的情况,为研究明末清初蒙古部落史、蒙满关系史等提供了丰富的资料,值得重视和研究利用。该书以汉文写成,有满译本,对构拟、还原蒙古语名称的发音具有价值,然而满译名的拼写存在一些问题。本文拣选出一些蒙古姓氏名称,就其蒙古语实际发音以及这些部落姓氏到明末为止的大致发展脉络做了考释。

The General Genealogy of the Manchu Families of the Eight Banners,written by Qing government,is a book made up of the line of descent of the Eight Banners including over 1100 names.Most of the names belongs to the Manchu and there are more than 230 listed as Mongolian names as a part of other tribes names.This book also included the biographies of the prominent figures of these families that told their homeland,the time when they submitted to the Qing Dynasty,the development of their tribes,and their achievements.It is a plentiful resource for the studies of the history of the Mongolian tribes and Mongolian-Manchu relationship.This book was written in Han language.It has a Manchu translation.It is a valuable text for the studies of the construction and reversion of the sound of some Mongolian words,though the spelling of some Mongolian names in the book is wrong.On the basis of selecting and examining some Mongolian names in the book,this paper studies their real sound in the Mongolian,as well as their evolution till to the end of the Ming Dynasty.