权利冲突:一个基于“资源—需求”模型的解释

Conflicts of Rights:An Explanation based on a "Resource—Demand" Approach

权利的功能在于对纷争的利益主张提供正当性,即通过社会组织的法律制度、道德规范或者习俗规范来维护利益主张,定纷止争。但由于制度本身的不穷尽,社会生活本身的不断发展,权利的界定和实现存在着冲突。这种权利冲突是社会资源稀缺性和人自然属性内在张力的必然结果,制度的抽象与滞后性则是权利冲突的人为原因。权利冲突不能从根本上一劳永逸的解决,但能通过资源总量的增加、制度的完善和实施过程中的技巧、道德修养的提高和社会沟通渠道的拓展予以缓解。

The function of rights is to provide justification for the competing claims of interests, namely, the protection of claims of interests can be realized through legal system of social organizations, moral standards or custom norms. Disputes are settled accordingly. However, owing to imperfection of systems and the ever changing social life, there exists conflict in relation to the definition and realization of rights. Such conflict is an inevitable result of the inherent tension between scarci stract and the ty la of social resources and the natural attributes of human beings, whereas the abgging-behind of the system serve as conflict of rights can not be resolved once for tal amount of resources, the improvement of broadening of social communication channels. man-made causes of conflict of rights. The all, yet it can be mitigated by the increase of the tosystems, the enhancement of moral level and the