利用食盐预防白蚁入侵堤坝的新技术

New technology of using salt to prevent termites for dikes and dams

通过对钱塘江河口堤坝白蚁危害的普查和研究,发现土埝中含有盐份的堤坝不受白蚁入侵。基于此,取用大坝防渗黏土,在土料中加入食盐后进行物理力学指标和白蚁穿越能力的试验,结果表明:当土样含盐量在2%以下,物理力学指标变化很小;当土样含盐量达到0.6%,能有效阻止白蚁的穿越。在此基础上,结合堤坝的结构类型和白蚁在坝体内的筑巢特征,确定了预防白蚁入侵堤坝的盐土铺垫位置、含盐量及实施工艺。该项技术在多条有严重白蚁危害的堤坝中进行应用,防治效果显著,为堤坝白蚁的治理提供了新的思路和方法。

By surveying the damages of termites infesting the dikes at the Qiantang River estuary,it is found that the dikes and dams with saline soil can prevent termite invasion.Based on the findings,experiments are performed for the physical and mechanical indices of anti-seepage earth samples by adding salt and the penetrating ability of termites.The results show that（a） when the soil salinity is less than 2%,the fluctuation of physical and mechanical indices is subtle;（b） when the soil salinity reaches 0.6%,the dikes and dams can effectively prevent termites.According to the dam types and nest-building characteristics of termites,a scientific method of specifying paving locations of saline soil,soil salinity and operating details are developed.The technology is applied to the dams suffering from severe termite infestation,and the effect of termite prevention is remarkable.The technology provides new thinking and method for dam termite prevention.