独脚金内酯调控侧枝发育的研究进展

Shoot-branching control with strigolactones:Research progress

植物通过内源激素或环境信号调控叶腋内腋芽的形成和发育,从而控制其分枝特性。独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs),一种产生于植物根部的类胡萝卜素衍生物,具有刺激寄生植物种子的萌发和促进丛枝菌根真菌菌丝分枝的作用,最近的研究表明,它还可以沿茎干向上运输,与生长素和细胞分裂素一起直接或间接抑制植物分枝,目前已经作为一种新的植物激素受到广泛认可。本文综述了独脚金内酯的结构、合成途径和生物活性,以及调控植物分枝的分子机理,并展望了其在抑制杂草或新型除草剂的研发、促进植物和有益真菌的共生,以及调控作物的分枝和株型等方面的应用前景。

Plant can regulate the formation and subsequent outgrowth of axillary buds in axils via endogenous hormones or environmental cues,and accordingly,control the characteristics of shoot-branching. Strigolactones （SLs）,previously known as the principal plant-derived signals triggering the seed germination of parasitic plants and promoting the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis,are the carotenoid-derived signals exuded from plant roots. Recent studies demonstrated that strigolactones can move upwards to the stem,and,together with endogenous auxin and cytokinin,directly or indirectly inhibit the outgrowth of axillary buds. Now,strigolactones are thought to be a new kind of hormone. In this paper,the research progress in the structure,synthesis pathway,and bioactivity of strigolactones was reviewed,and the prospects in the applied fields such as how to use strigolactones to inhibit parasitic weeds,develop new herbicides,promote the symbiosis of plants and beneficial fungi,and control the branching and architecture of crop plants were also discussed.