运用分子生物学技术监测水环境中产毒蓝藻

Applications of molecular biotechnology in monitoring toxic cyanobacteria in water environment

有毒蓝藻在形成"水华"破坏水体环境的同时,也对人畜产生危害。运用分子生物学技术对水环境中产毒蓝藻进行监测,由于其简单、快速和经济等优点,逐渐成为各国学者关注的热点。本文从以下3个方面对其进行了综述:1)早期分子生物学技术在产毒蓝藻诊断中的运用;2)以产毒基因为靶标进行的产毒蓝藻诊断;3)运用基因芯片技术对产毒蓝藻进行检测。与传统的分子生物学技术相比,生物芯片技术具有体积小、重量轻、便于携带、分析自动快速、高通量等许多传统方法所不能比拟的优势。因此,该技术在蓝藻毒素检测中的运用必将给目前的产毒蓝藻的检测带来一场新的革命。

Toxic cyanobacteria can form blooms in fresh,brackish,and marine waters,giving threats to water environment,and also,to human and animal health. Owing to its simple,fast,and economic advantages,molecular biotechnology has become the focus of concern in monitoring toxic cyanobacteria in water environment. This paper summarized the research progress in this field from the aspects of 1） monitoring toxic cyanobacteria by using traditional molecular biotechnology,2） molecular detection according to the synthetase gene of cyanotoxin,and 3） detection of toxic cyanbacteria by using DNA microarray technology. Compared with conventional molecular biotechnology,the DNA microarray technology offers a rapid,economic,and high-throughout option for detecting toxic genotypes in complex samples,and thus,would bring a new revolution in detecting toxic cyanobacteria.