设施栽培桃果实采后树体适宜修剪量的探讨

Study on the appropriate postharvest pruning amount of nectarine tree in greenhouse

研究设施栽培桃果实采后适宜修剪量,为设施栽培桃不同品种采后修剪提供指导。以曙光与早红艳4 a生成龄树为试材,连续6 a在果实采后对1 a生枝组进行适宜修剪量试验。以不修剪为对照,按剪下叶量占植株总叶量比例进行轻度（20%~30%）、中度（40%~50%）和重度修剪（70%~80%）及全剪处理,分析不同修剪量对树冠的光截获能力、1 a生枝组叶片的净光合速率和1 a生枝组的年生长量以及植株总产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明,对曙光进行中度修剪处理,后期结果枝组能更快形成,短果枝比例降低,更有利于提高单株负载量和果实品质。对早红艳进行轻度修剪处理,枝条总数增加,短果枝比例降低,植株负载量及果实品质明显优于对照,该品种更适于轻度修剪。

The aim of the experiment was to study on the appropriate postharvest pruning amount of nectarine tree in greenhouse,and supply some knowledge for postharvest pruning of greenhouse production in the future.Experiments were conducted using 4 years nectarine tree Shuguang and Zaohongyan（Prunus persica L.） in plastics greenhouse continued 6 years,according to remove/whole leaves number ratio,different postharvest pruning amount treatment of the one year shoot and leaves were carried out including slight（20% to 30%）,moderate（40% to 50%）,severe（70% to 80%）,overall pruning and no cutting as control.After analysis of plant light-intercepting capability,net photosynthesis rate of the remain shoot,annual increment of the one year shoot and fruit yield and quality,the results indicated that： Shugunag using moderate pruning can stimulate tree growing faster to form the later fruit-bearing branch,and reduce the ratio of short fruiting branch,in addition the fruit number and quality of Shuguang can be ensured.Zaohongyan with the slight pruning increased the shoot number,reduced the ratio of short fruiting branch,and acquired more fruit number and better fruit quality than control.So Zaohongyan suit use slight pruning.