湖北省荆州市农村饮用水安全现状调查

Safety situation of drinking water in rural area of Jingzhou city,Hubei province

目的了解江汉平原农村饮用水安全现状,为全面实施农村集中供水提供依据。方法对湖北省荆州市6个县市14家农村集中供水厂和49户居民分散饮水抽样调查分析。结果荆州有66.67%的人口未被集中式供水工程覆盖,饮用水水质多数指标不符合国家标准(GB5749-2006)要求,其中饮用水色度超标的农户占29.5%,浊度超标的农户占2%,肉眼可见物超标的农户占73.5%,硝酸盐含量超标的农户占2%,锰含量超标的农户占18.4%,属于饮水绝对不安全人口;乡镇集中供水厂浑浊度超标占28.6%,总硬度超标占7.1%,铁含量超标占14.3%,耗氧量超标占7.1%,菌群总数超标占14.3%,肉眼可见物超标占64.3%,而且供水厂设施不完善,出厂水和使用自来水农户的生活用水水样均有1～3项指标超过国家规定标准。结论荆州市农村集中供水工程的供水水质基本上未达到国家标准,饮水安全存在较大不确定性。

Objective To understand the situation of drinking water safety in the rural of Jianghan plain and to provide scientific basis for complete implementation of central water supply in rural area.Methods The surveys of 14 central water supply plants and 49 discrete water supplies in six counties of Jingzhou were conducted.Results There was 66.67% of the population not covered by central water supply in Jingzhou.Most indicators of water quality didn＇t meet the national standard（GB5749-2006）.Among all samples from discrete water suppy,the unqualified rate for chroma,turbidity,visible subject,nitrate,and manganese was 29.5%,2.0%,73.5%,2.0%,and 18.4%,respectively,and all the samples belonged to unsafe drinking water.Of all samples from central water supply of township,the unqualified rate for turbidity,total hardness,iron,oxygen consumption,total number of bacteria,and visible object was 28.6%,7.1%,14.3%,7.1%,14.3%,and 64.3%,respectively.The equipments of central water supply plants in villages and towns were not perfect.There were at least one to three indicatiors for all water samples of central water supply plants exceeding national standard.Conclusion The water quality of rural central water supply projects in Jingzhou does not achieve national standards basically and there are uncertainties for the safety of the rural drinking water.