玉米(Zea mays L.)体细胞胚状体的发生和植株再生

SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANT REGENERATION OF MAIZE(ZEA MAYS L.)

在 mMSA、mMSB 和 N_6C 三种培养基系列中分别培养11个玉米自交系的未成熟胚,其中10个系的幼胚盾片能诱导产生胚性愈伤组织和胚状体,并能再生植株。试验结果表明,适当调节培养基系列中不同培养基的蔗糖浓度能有效地促进胚状体的发生。通过扫描电镜观察了玉米体细胞胚状体的形态发生过程。部分再生植株移栽成活并结实。再生植株当代(R_0代)均有不同程度的形态变异。所观察的再生植株下一代(R_1代)根尖细胞染色体数目均为20条。文章对影响玉米体细胞胚状体发生的因素进行了讨论。

Imature embryos of 11 imbred lines of maize were cultured on mMSA、mMSB and N6C medium series,of which 10 inbred lines showed rapid proliferation of the scutellum and high efficiency in the formation of embryogenic callus and somatic embryoids.It wsa found that adequate regulation of sucrose con- centration in the different media of a medium series could enhence the soma- tic embryogenesis efficiently.The process of morphological occurrence of somatic mbryoid was observed by scanning electron microscope.All the mature somatic embryoids could grow into plantlets.A lot of regenerated plantlets were tranp- lanted,but only a small part of them could grow to maturity and set seeds, due to poor transplanting conditions。The morphological variations of R0 plants and chromosome number of root tip cells from R_1 seeds were observed.The impor- tant factors which influence the somatic cmbryogenesis of maize were discus- sed.