酵母废水处理技术分析及生物流化床耦合工艺的应用实践

Analysis of treatment processes of yeast wastewater and application of biological fluidized bed combined process

针对高浓度、高色度、高硫酸盐及难降解有机物多的酵母废水,介绍了其难降解特性,总结了目前国内外酵母废水的处理技术,重点分析了生物处理工艺的特点,并强调高效生物反应器的重要性。尝试将自行研制的新型生物流化床耦合工艺工程应用于两个酵母厂的废水处理,在总HRT低于54 h的操作条件下,当进水COD负荷分别为9.00～9.53 kg/(m3.d)和7.84～8.67 kg/(m3.d)时,其COD平均去除率均达到99.6%,NH3-N平均去除率分别为98.4%和98.3%,色度平均去除率分别为98.0%和98.5%,处理出水水质达到《广东省水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26—2001)中的一级排放标准。实践表明,选用的流化床耦合工艺停留时间较短、有机负荷高及运行成本低,是酵母废水处理的适用技术。

Wastewater from yeast plant is a typical refractory one with deep color and high concentration of organic matter and sulfate.The biodegradation characteristics of organic compounds and the treatment processes of yeast wastewater are presented.The technical characteristics of biological treatment processes are analyzed,and the importance of efficient biological reactor is indicated.A self-designed three-phase biological fluidized bed was used to treat wastewater from two yeast plants separately.When the influent COD loadings were 9.00—9.53 kg/（m3·d） and 7.84—8.67 kg/（m3·d） respectively and the total hydraulic retention time（HRT）was less than 54 h,the average removal rates of COD for both samples were 99.6%.The average removal rates of NH3-N were 98.4% and 98.3% respectively,while the average removal rates of color were 98.0% and 98.5% respectively.Each effluent met the first grade of Guangdong Province wastewater discharge standard（DB44/26—2001）.The results indicated that the selected process with a short hydraulic retention time,high organic loading and low running costs is efficient and appropriate for yeast wastewater treatment.