空气环境对大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎诱导率的影响

Effect of Environment on Incidence of Cortisone Induced Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Rats

为研究饲养室空气环境对大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｐ）诱导率的影响，将雄性清洁级 Ｓ Ｄ 大鼠随机分成两组，分别置于普通级饲养室（普通空气组，ｎ＝ ５４）及清洁级垂直层流室（清洁空气组，ｎ＝ ５０），均每周２ 次皮下注射醋酸可的松２５ｍ ｇ／只，连续１２ 周，然后做肺组织印片及支气管肺泡灌洗液沉渣涂片， Ｇｉｅｍ ｓａ 染色后镜检，并做肺组织切片， Ｇｒｏｃｏｔｔ Ｇｏｍ ｏｒｉ银染后检测卡氏肺孢子虫（ Ｐ Ｃ），确定 Ｐ Ｃ Ｐ诱导率。结果显示，清洁空气组 Ｐ Ｃ Ｐ诱导率为２８％ （１４／５０），明显高于普通空气组（０％ ，０／５４， Ｐ＜ ０．００１）。而普通空气组细菌性肺炎的发生率（８９％ ，４８／５４）明显高于清洁空气组（６２％ ，３１／５０， Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。提示饲养室空气环境可 Ｐ Ｃ Ｐ的诱导率。

Male Clean SD rats were divided into two groups,and raised in conventional facility (open air,group 1,n=54) or in a room utilizing laminar air flow with filtration (clean air,group 2,n=50).To induce immunosuppression the rats were given cortisone acetate (25mg×2/week,sc)for 12 weeks,then the lung impression smears and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sediment smears stained with Giemsa stain and lung sections stained with Grocott-Gomori silver stain were prepared to find Pneumocystis carinii (PC) organism.Bacteria and fungi were also checked.The results showed that the incidence of induced Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in group 2 (28%,14/50) was higher then that in group 1 (0%,0/54,P<0.001),and that the incidence of bacterial pneumonia in group 2(62%) was lower than that in group 1 (89%,P<0.01).The results suggested that the air quality of breeding room could affect the incidence of PCP induced by immunosuppressive agents in rat.