秋水仙碱诱导重瓣大岩桐(Sinningia speciosa)多倍体的研究

IN VITRO INDUCTION OF POLYPLOID PLANTS FROM COLCHICINE-TREATED SINNINGIA SPECIOSA

以重瓣大岩桐叶片为外植体，经秋水仙碱处理得到大量的多倍体植株。在培养基中加入秋水仙碱20mgL-1处理一周，可使重瓣大岩桐的诱变率达到62．5％．对再生植株进行形态学观察表明，多倍体植株比二倍体的茎粗壮，叶片增大，加厚。细胞学鉴定四倍体染色体数为2n＝4x＝52而二倍体的染色体数为2n＝26形态学观察和细胞学观察有很好的符合性。对多倍体植株进行过氧化物同工酶分析表明，多倍体植株的同工酶酶谱与二倍体有很大的差异，在四倍体的酶谱中观察到了两条新谱带。

The polyploid plants were obtained from the leaves of Sinningia Speciosa (Lodd.)Hiern treated by colchicine. Best result for inducing tetraploid was by adding colchicine20 mg L-1 intothe medium treated for one week rather than by colchicine soaking. Morpho-logical observation showed that the sterns and the leaves of tetraploid plants were respectivelythicker and lalger than the diploid ones. The chromosome number of tetraploid plants was2n=4x=52, while that of diploid plants was 2n=26. Peroxidase isoenzyme analysis showedthat the enzyme activities between the polyploid and the diploid plants were quite different.Two new bands were observed in the isoenzyme map of tetraploid plants.