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帕金森病、P型多系统萎缩及进行性核上性麻痹的肛门括约肌肌电图及相关自主神经损害特点 被引量:12

External anal sphincter electromyography and related clinical aspects in patients with multiple system atrophy, Parkinson' s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy
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摘要 目的分析帕金森病(PD)、多系统萎缩和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)的肛门括约肌肌电图(EAS—EMG)及相关自主神经损害特点,进一步探讨EAS-EMG在鉴别诊断方面的价值。方法回顾性分析2001--2009年12月我院神经科肌电图室进行EAS—EMG检查的562例患者,对其中60例PD患者(男41例、女19例),68例以帕金森症状为主要表现的多系统萎缩(MSA.P)患者(男35例、女33例),13例PSP患者(男10例、女3例)的相关自主神经损害情况及肌电图进行比较。EAS—EMG选取平均时限、多相波比例和卫星电位出现率作为评价指标,比较各参数的组间差异,其中平均时限按照延长的程度分为轻度(10.0~11.9ms)、中度(12.0~13.9ms)、重度(≥14.0ms)。结果在相关自主神经症状中,阳痿、便秘、尿失禁、尿急、尿频在MSA—P组中的出现率[95.8%(23/24)、94.6%(53/56)、87.7%(50/57)、85.7%(42/49)、76.5%(39/51)]明显高于PD组[61.5%(16/26)、62.3%(33/53)、30.6%(15/49)、46.2%(24/52)、45.7%(21/46)]及PSP组[75.0%(3/4)、62.5%(5/8)、50.0%(4/8)、42.9%(3/7)、42.9%(3/7)]。PD、MSA—P和PSP的EAS—EMG异常出现率分别为60%(36/60)、94.1%(64/68)和84.6%(11/13)。PD、MSA—P和PSP组问平均时限(I/IS,12.0±1.6、15.4±3.0、13.8±1.8)、多相波(46.2%±19.2%、63.9%±15.8%、51.5%±12.1%)和卫星电位出现率(9.5%±8.3%、26.5%±15.9%、19.2%±12.5%)的差异均有统计学意义(F:31.724、F=17.412、)(2=45.335,均P〈0.01)。平均时限延长程度PD组:轻度36.7%、中度36.7%、重度11.7%,正常15.O%;MSA—P组:轻度10.3%、中度23.5%、重度66.2%;PSP组:轻度7.7%、中度61.5%、重度30.8%;各组间的差异有统计学意义。结论EAS-EMG可以用于鉴别PD、MSA—P和PSP的自主神经损害情况。肛门括约肌的损害较常见于MSA—P,且程度较重;较少见于PD,且程度较轻;PSP介于两者之间。平均时限延长程度的分布或许可以提示骶髓Onuf核在3种疾病中受累程度的差异。 Objectives To assess the value of external anal sphincter electromyography (EAS- EMG ) in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson' s disease (PD), parkinsonism dominant multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Methods From the records of EAS-EMG collected in our lab (total 562 cases) , 60 PD ( male 41, female 19) , 68 MSA-P ( male 35, female 33 ) and 13 PSP (male 10, female 3 ) were included in the analysis in this study. Mean duration, polyphasic ratio and satellite potential occurrence rate were comparable among the groups. Mean duration prolongation were graded as normal ( 〈 10. 0 ms) , mild ( 10. 0--11.9 ms) , moderate ( 12. 0--13.9 ms) and severe (≥ 14. 0 ms ). Results Among all related autonomic symptoms, the occurrence rate of constipation, urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency in patients with MSA-P(95.8% (23/24) ,94. 6% (53/56) ,87.7% ( 50/57 ), 85.7% (42/49), 76. 5% ( 39/51 ) ) were higher than that of PD ( 61.5%(16/26), 62.3%(33/53), 30.6%(15/49), 46.2% (24/52), 45.7% (21/46)) and PSP (75.0% (3/4), 62. 5% (5/8), 50. 0% (4/8), 42.9% (3/7), 42.9% (3/7)). The abnormal rate of EAS-EMG in PD, MSA-P and PSP were 60. 0% , 94. 2% and 84.6%, accordingly. Mean duration ( PD ( 12.0 ± 1.6) ms, MSA-P (15.4±3.0) ms, PSP (13.8±1.8) ms), polyphasic ratio (PD46.2% ±19.2%, MSA-P 63.9% ± 15.8% , PSP 51.5% ± 12. 1% ) and satellite potential occurrence rate ( PD 9. 5% ± 8. 3% , MSA-P 26. 5% ± 15.9% , PSP 19. 2% ± 12. 5% ) varied significantly different among the groups ( F = 31. 724, F = 17.412, X2 = 45. 335, all P 〈 0.01 ). Severe mean duration prolongation was overwhelming in MSA-P (66.2%), compared with mild 10. 3% and moderate 23.5%. The predominant prolongation degree was moderate in PSP (61.5% , mild 7. 7% , severe 30. 8% ) , and mild in PD (36. 7% , moderate 36. 7% , severe 11.7% , normal 15.0% ). Conclusions EAS-EMG could play a role in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunctions in PD, MSA-P and PSP. The EAS-EMG impairment was severe and frequent in MSA-P, mild and infrequent in PD, moderate in PSP. The spectrum of mean duration prolongation suggested the possibility of Onuf' s nucleus involvement in these diseases.
出处 《中华神经科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第1期52-55,共4页 Chinese Journal of Neurology
基金 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(30800352)
关键词 帕金森病 多系统萎缩 核上性麻痹 进行性 肌管 肌电描记术 自主神经系统 Parkinson disease Multiple system atrophy Supranuelear palsy progressive Anal canal Electromyography Autonomic nervous system
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参考文献22

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二级参考文献9

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