摘要
目的分析帕金森病(PD)、多系统萎缩和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)的肛门括约肌肌电图(EAS—EMG)及相关自主神经损害特点,进一步探讨EAS-EMG在鉴别诊断方面的价值。方法回顾性分析2001--2009年12月我院神经科肌电图室进行EAS—EMG检查的562例患者,对其中60例PD患者(男41例、女19例),68例以帕金森症状为主要表现的多系统萎缩(MSA.P)患者(男35例、女33例),13例PSP患者(男10例、女3例)的相关自主神经损害情况及肌电图进行比较。EAS—EMG选取平均时限、多相波比例和卫星电位出现率作为评价指标,比较各参数的组间差异,其中平均时限按照延长的程度分为轻度(10.0~11.9ms)、中度(12.0~13.9ms)、重度(≥14.0ms)。结果在相关自主神经症状中,阳痿、便秘、尿失禁、尿急、尿频在MSA—P组中的出现率[95.8%(23/24)、94.6%(53/56)、87.7%(50/57)、85.7%(42/49)、76.5%(39/51)]明显高于PD组[61.5%(16/26)、62.3%(33/53)、30.6%(15/49)、46.2%(24/52)、45.7%(21/46)]及PSP组[75.0%(3/4)、62.5%(5/8)、50.0%(4/8)、42.9%(3/7)、42.9%(3/7)]。PD、MSA—P和PSP的EAS—EMG异常出现率分别为60%(36/60)、94.1%(64/68)和84.6%(11/13)。PD、MSA—P和PSP组问平均时限(I/IS,12.0±1.6、15.4±3.0、13.8±1.8)、多相波(46.2%±19.2%、63.9%±15.8%、51.5%±12.1%)和卫星电位出现率(9.5%±8.3%、26.5%±15.9%、19.2%±12.5%)的差异均有统计学意义(F:31.724、F=17.412、)(2=45.335,均P〈0.01)。平均时限延长程度PD组:轻度36.7%、中度36.7%、重度11.7%,正常15.O%;MSA—P组:轻度10.3%、中度23.5%、重度66.2%;PSP组:轻度7.7%、中度61.5%、重度30.8%;各组间的差异有统计学意义。结论EAS-EMG可以用于鉴别PD、MSA—P和PSP的自主神经损害情况。肛门括约肌的损害较常见于MSA—P,且程度较重;较少见于PD,且程度较轻;PSP介于两者之间。平均时限延长程度的分布或许可以提示骶髓Onuf核在3种疾病中受累程度的差异。
Objectives To assess the value of external anal sphincter electromyography (EAS- EMG ) in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson' s disease (PD), parkinsonism dominant multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Methods From the records of EAS-EMG collected in our lab (total 562 cases) , 60 PD ( male 41, female 19) , 68 MSA-P ( male 35, female 33 ) and 13 PSP (male 10, female 3 ) were included in the analysis in this study. Mean duration, polyphasic ratio and satellite potential occurrence rate were comparable among the groups. Mean duration prolongation were graded as normal ( 〈 10. 0 ms) , mild ( 10. 0--11.9 ms) , moderate ( 12. 0--13.9 ms) and severe (≥ 14. 0 ms ). Results Among all related autonomic symptoms, the occurrence rate of constipation, urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency in patients with MSA-P(95.8% (23/24) ,94. 6% (53/56) ,87.7% ( 50/57 ), 85.7% (42/49), 76. 5% ( 39/51 ) ) were higher than that of PD ( 61.5%(16/26), 62.3%(33/53), 30.6%(15/49), 46.2% (24/52), 45.7% (21/46)) and PSP (75.0% (3/4), 62. 5% (5/8), 50. 0% (4/8), 42.9% (3/7), 42.9% (3/7)). The abnormal rate of EAS-EMG in PD, MSA-P and PSP were 60. 0% , 94. 2% and 84.6%, accordingly. Mean duration ( PD ( 12.0 ± 1.6) ms, MSA-P (15.4±3.0) ms, PSP (13.8±1.8) ms), polyphasic ratio (PD46.2% ±19.2%, MSA-P 63.9% ± 15.8% , PSP 51.5% ± 12. 1% ) and satellite potential occurrence rate ( PD 9. 5% ± 8. 3% , MSA-P 26. 5% ± 15.9% , PSP 19. 2% ± 12. 5% ) varied significantly different among the groups ( F = 31. 724, F = 17.412, X2 = 45. 335, all P 〈 0.01 ). Severe mean duration prolongation was overwhelming in MSA-P (66.2%), compared with mild 10. 3% and moderate 23.5%. The predominant prolongation degree was moderate in PSP (61.5% , mild 7. 7% , severe 30. 8% ) , and mild in PD (36. 7% , moderate 36. 7% , severe 11.7% , normal 15.0% ). Conclusions EAS-EMG could play a role in evaluating the related autonomic dysfunctions in PD, MSA-P and PSP. The EAS-EMG impairment was severe and frequent in MSA-P, mild and infrequent in PD, moderate in PSP. The spectrum of mean duration prolongation suggested the possibility of Onuf' s nucleus involvement in these diseases.
出处
《中华神经科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期52-55,共4页
Chinese Journal of Neurology
基金
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(30800352)
关键词
帕金森病
多系统萎缩
核上性麻痹
进行性
肌管
肌电描记术
自主神经系统
Parkinson disease
Multiple system atrophy
Supranuelear palsy progressive
Anal canal
Electromyography
Autonomic nervous system