中老年患者心血管病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性分析

Study of relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography

目的 探讨心血管病危险因素与冠状动脉（冠脉）病变严重程度的相关性. 方法入选2008年10月至2009年12月在山东大学齐鲁医院行冠脉造影术的病例728例,收集其性别、年龄、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、总胆红素（TBIL）、血脂、尿酸等临床资料.同时收集患者冠脉造影结果,以美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会（ACC/AHA）评分法计算冠脉病变积分,以冠脉病变积分及是否诊断为冠心病评价其冠状动脉病变程度.统计学处理采用多因素回归分析. 结果多因素回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄、高血压、糖尿病,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇这5个危险因素是影响冠脉病变积分主要的危险因素,也是冠心病的主要危险因素;其中糖尿病是冠脉病变程度最重要的可控危险因素（OR=3.1179 P=0.005）.相关分析显示低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、体质指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、尿酸、TBIL与冠脉病变程度存在相关性,但并未进入回归方程,在本研究中并为冠脉病变程度主要影响因素. 结论男性、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇是冠脉病变严重程度的主要危险因素,且对于血脂水平较低的中国人有更好的预测价值.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and severity of coronary heart disease （CHD） in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods Seven hundred and twenty eight patients who underwent coronary angiography were selected from Qilu Hospital from October 2008 to December 2009. The clinical data about cardiovascular risk factors including age, gender, hypertension, smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high uric acid level, low total bilirubin level, and coronary angiography results were collected. The severity and extent of coronary stenosis was evaluated by ACC/AHA coronary scoring system and CHD was diagnosed by angiography. Analyses were achieved by multiple regression analysis. Results Multiple regression analysis showed that age, gender, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C were prominent predictors of severity and extent of coronary heart disease. DM was the primary controllable risk factor of CHD （OR=3. 1179, P=0. 005）. Conclusions The age, gender,hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C are correlated with angiographic severity and extent of CHD. Consequently, controlling these five risk factors is important in the intervention and prevention of CHD.