5KING H, REWERS M. Global estimates for prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in adult [ J ]. Diabetes Care, 1993,16 ( 1 ) : 157-177.
6KLEIN R,SHARRETT A R, KLEIN B E, et al. The association of atherosclerosis, vascular risk factors, and retinopathy in adults with diabetes the atherosclerosis risk in communities study [ J ]. Ophthalmology,2002,109 (7) : 1225-1234.
7WEST S K, MUNOZ B, KLEIN R,et al. Risk factors for type Ⅱ diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in a mexican-american population: Proyecto VER[ J]. Am J Ophthalmol,2002,134( 3 ) :390-398.
8VARMA R, TORRES M, PENA F, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in adult Latinos the Los Angles Latino eye study [ J ]. Ophthalmology ,2004,111 (7) : 1298-1306.
9KEMPEN J H, O'COLMAIN B J, LESKE M C, et al. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States [ J ]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2004,122 ( 4 ) : 552 -563.
10JAVITT J C, AIELLO L P. Cost-effectiveness of detecting and treating diabetic retinopathy [ J ]. Ann Intern Med, 1996,124 ( 1 ) : 164-169.