聚氨酯基泡沫炭吸附材料的制备

Preparation of polyurethane-based foam carbon adsorption materials

为克服活性炭不易回收、易造成粉尘污染的问题,以聚氨酯为骨架,在聚氨酯泡沫成型过程中加入颗粒活性炭,再经炭化制得泡沫炭吸附材料。以低温液氮吸附测定泡沫炭的孔径结构、SEM观测表面形貌、TG-DTA分析聚氨酯骨架热分解过程,并以亚甲基蓝值、碘值和苯酚吸附容量评价泡沫炭吸附性能。结果表明:随着热处理温度的升高,泡沫炭比表面积、吸附性能均呈升高趋势;BET比表面积最高可达655.0m2/g,碘值525.2mg/g,苯酚吸附量为0.706mmol/g;聚氨酯的存在虽然堵塞了泡沫炭的部分孔隙,但对其吸附性能影响较小;两种配方制得的泡沫炭中PU/AC-1-n性能明显优于PU/AC-2-n,而且PU/AC-1-n中聚氨酯与活性炭结合紧密、强度高。

In order to overcome the problems of separation and dust pollution of traditional activated carbon （AC） , a novel foam carbon was prepared by adding commercial granular AC to polyurethane precursor then foaming and carbonizing. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm （N2/77K） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were used for pore structure and surface morphology characterization. TG-DTA measurement was carried out for the analysis of thermal characteristics of polyurethane skeleton. Adsorption performance was evaluated using phenol, iodine and methylene blue as model compounds. The results showed that the maximum ShET could reach 655.0 m2/g, iodine value 525.2 mg/g and phenol adsorption capacity 0. 706 mmol/g. SEM images indicated that the existence of polyurethane blocked only part of pore and less affected the adsorption capacity of AC. Comparing the adsorption performance of foam carbon prepared under different conditions, we found that PU/AC-1-n was much higher than that of PU/AC-2-n. In the case of PU/AC-1-n, polyurethane was closely linked with AC and then resulted in higher strength.