骨髓间充质干细胞提高老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力的研究

Study of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on improving the ability of learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease rats

目的观察定向神经诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)移植对老年性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法选用24月龄健康雄性W istar大鼠制备自然衰老痴呆模型,将模型大鼠随机分为3组,每组10只。对照组大鼠双侧海马注射生理盐水;干细胞移植组大鼠注射BMSCs;分化移植组大鼠注射定向神经细胞诱导的BMSCs。大鼠的学习能力在移植前及实验后4 w通过Y迷宫试验测定,记忆能力测定在学习能力测定48h后进行;采用免疫荧光组织化学染色法观察大鼠海马区胆碱乙酰化酶(ChAT)阳性细胞。结果对照组大鼠学习记忆成绩均下降,与术前相比,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);干细胞移植组大鼠学习记忆成绩均提高,与移植前相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);分化移植组大鼠学习记忆成绩均较移植前提高(P<0.01);与对照组相比,其他两组大鼠学习记忆成绩均提高(P<0.05)。分化移植组大鼠海马区可观察到ChAT阳性细胞。结论 BMSCs移植可以提高老年性痴呆大鼠的学习记忆能力,且定向神经诱导分化的BMSCs移植治疗效果优于未分化的BMSCs,提示BMSCs移植对痴呆大鼠的认知功能障碍具有一定的治疗作用。

Objective To observe the effect of neuronal induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） transplantation on the ability of learning and memory in Alzheimer′s disease（AD） rats.Methods The natural senile AD rat model was chosen from the healthy male Wistar rats aged 24 months by maze test.The AD rats were randomly divided into control,BMSCs transplantation and BMSCs differentiation and transplantation groups（n=10）.In the control group,rats were injected bilaterally with physiological saline into the hippocampus.In the BMSCs transplantation group,rats received BMSCs.In the differentiation and transplantation group,rats received injection of neuronal induced BMSCs.The learning ability of the AD rats was detected by Y type maze test before and after 4 week transplantation.The memory ability was tested 48 hours after learning test.The expression localization of choline acetyltransferase（ChAT） in the hippocampus of rats was investigated by immunofluorescence staining.Results The learning and memory scores decreased in control group and increased in BMSCs transplantation group,there were all not statistics significance compared with that before transplant treatment（P0.05）.The learning and memory scores were higher than before in differentiation and transplantation group（P0.01）.There was significant difference between control group and the other groups（P0.05）.The ChAT-positive neurons were observed in the hippocampus of rats of the differentiation and transplantation group.Conclusions BMSCs can play an important role in improving cognitive disturbance of AD rats.