失效学的哲学理念及其应用探讨

The Philosophy and Application of Failure Study

失效学是从失败与失效入手,着眼于成功与安全的科学技术领域;是从过去与历史入手,着眼于未来与发展的科学技术领域;失效学的哲学理念具有普适性。从失效学的认识论、失效学的矛盾论、失效学的系统论和失效学的方法论(简称'失效学的四论')分别阐述它的基本原理、内涵重点和应用范例,对失效学的哲学理念及其应用进行研究、探讨和分析应用,从而把失效学的内涵和它的应用提高到哲学的高度作了初步的尝试,开辟了一个新的领域。失效学的认识论认为失效有它的必然性,要树立正确的安全观和风险管理理念,充分认识安全隐患管理和安全过程管理的重要作用,以及要深刻认识失效学的重要性。失效学的矛盾论认为,要树立一分为二的观点和矛盾可以转化的观点,充分认识矛盾转化过程中内因的主导作用,以及深刻认识全员安全管理和自我安全管理的重要性。失效学的系统论认为,要树立系统是失效分析的出发点和归宿地,充分认识层次结构分析的重要作用,以及深刻认识安全管理系统的重要性。失效学的方法论认为,要掌握系统分析方法、由表及里的'剥笋式'的分析方法和正、反向思维不断迭代的探索论证方法。

Failure Study is the science and technology focusing on success and safety based upon failures and aiming at the future and development from study of the past and history.The philosophical idea of failure study is with universal applicability.Basic principles,philosophical concepts and application of failure study are described from epistemology,contradictions,systematology and methodology.The theory and application of failure study are studied,explored and analyzed,to raise the concept and application of failure study to the height of philosophy,which is an initial attempt to open up a new field.Epistemology of failure study shows that failure is inevitable.It is necessary to establish a correct view on safety and risk management concept,to fully understand important role of security risk management and safety process management.Contradiction analysis in Failure Study considers that it is important to establish a point of view that every coin has two sides and contradictions can be transformed,and to fully understand the leading role of internal cause in transformation process and the importance of all-staff and self safety management.Systematology of failure study believes it is significant to establish the view that system is the starting point and destination of failure analysis,and to fully understand the important role of the hierarchy and the importance of safety management systems.Methodology of failure study indicates that it is crucial to master the system analysis method,the outside-to-inside type of analysis methods and the forward-backward iterative exploration methods.