脑神经节神经胶质瘤的CT和MRI表现

CT and MR Characteristics of Cerebral Ganglioglioma

目的探讨脑神经节神经胶质瘤的CT和MRI影像学表现特点。资料与方法回顾性分析26例脑神经节神经胶质瘤患者的影像学资料。结果 26例中病灶位于颞叶7例、额叶6例、顶叶5例、枕叶2例、基底节区2例、小脑2例、脑干1例、视神经束1例。23例边界清晰,直径约1.5～8.6cm。在CT图像中钙化为一个常见征象(7例)。带有囊变的实性肿块和带有壁结节的囊性肿块是CT和MRI图像中的主要病变类型(24例)。病变中的实性成分或壁结节在CT图像中表现为低或等密度,在MRT1WI中呈轻度低信号或等信号,T2WI呈高信号,增强后在CT和MRI中均有明显的强化,伴有轻度的瘤周水肿。单纯囊性肿块2例。结论若肿瘤为带有囊变的实性肿块和带有壁结节的囊性肿块,主要位于颞叶或额叶,伴有轻度瘤周水肿,含有钙化,发生在儿童和青少年时需考虑神经节神经胶质瘤的可能。

Objective To analyze and summarize CT and MR characteristics of cerebral ganglioglioma,and to improve the diagnosis.Materials and Methods The CT and MR findings of 26 patients with cerebral ganglioglioma were retrospectively investigated.Results Gangliogliomas were located in the temporal lobe in 7 cases,frontal lobe in 6,parietal lobe in 5,occipital lobe in 2,basal ganglia in 2,cerebellum in 2,brainstem in 1 and optic tract in 1 case.Most of gangliogliomas were well-defined（n=23） with the diameter between 1.5-8.6cm.Calcification was the common finding on CT in 7 patients.Solid mass with cystic lesions and cystic mass with mural nodule were the main imaging types on CT and MR images in 24 patients.The solid component or mural nodule of ganglioglioma,demonstrating hypo-or isoattenuation on CT image,slightly hypointense or isointense on T1-weighted image,hyperintense on T2-weighted image,was obviously enhanced on contrast-enhancement CT and MR images,with mild peritumoral edema.Simple cystic mass was very rare（2 cases）.Conclusion Ganglioglioma should be suspected if the neoplasm was a solid mass with cystic components or a cystic mass with a mural nodule predominantly located in the temporal or frontal lobes with mild edema,containing calcification,occurring in the children and the younger.