雾化吸入肺表面活性物质对急性肺损伤大鼠血液氧合水平的影响

Effect of aerosolized pulmonary surfactant on blood oxygenation in rats with acute lung injury

目的探讨雾化吸入肺表面活性物质(PS)对油酸型急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠血液氧合水平的影响。方法 43只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、雾化生理盐水组和雾化PS组。颈外静脉注入油酸(0.2 ml/kg)复制ALI模型,约1 h后雾化生理盐水组和雾化PS组分别雾化吸入生理盐水和160 mg PS。实验过程中测定大鼠血气分析指标和呼吸频率(BR)。计算大鼠存活率。结果雾化吸入PS后,大鼠动脉血氧分压(PaO2)及动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)均逐渐增加,至雾化吸入4 h后,PaO2及SaO2分别增加至99.4 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)及98.2%,与雾化生理盐水组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大鼠BR自雾化吸入PS 0.5 h后即开始下降,雾化吸入PS 4 h后,BR降至100次/min,低于同时间点的雾化生理盐水组(P<0.05)。雾化PS组大鼠的存活率为100%,与雾化生理盐水组(60%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雾化吸入PS能明显提高ALI大鼠血液的氧合状况,改善大鼠的肺功能及提高其存活率。

Objective To investigate the effect of aerosolized pulmonary surfactant（PS） on the blood oxygenation in rats with acute lung injury（ALI）.Methods Forty-three SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： sham group（operated only,n = 10）,model group（n =10）,air-NS group（inhaling aerosolized normal saline,n =10）,and air-PS group（inhaling aerosolized PS[160 mg],n =13）.ALI rats were induced by oleic acid（0.2 ml/kg） through jugular vein.The arterial blood gas and breathing rates were determined during the experiment in all groups.The survival rates of all groups were determined after experiments.Results PS aerosolization led to a gradual increase of PaO2 and SaO2.Four hours after inhalation of aerosolized PS,the PaO2 and SaO2 increased to 99.4 mmHg（1 mmHg =0.133 kPa） and 98.2%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the air-NS group（P 0.05）.The breathing rate began to decease 0.5 h after inhalation of aerosolized PS and decreased to 100 breaths/min 4 h later,which was significantly lower than that in the air-NS group at the same time point（P 0.05）.The survival rate of animals in the air-PS group was 100%,also significantly higher than that in the air-NS group（60%,P 0.05）.Conclusion Aerosolized PS through spontaneous breathing can improve the blood oxygenation,pulmonary function and survival rates of ALI rats.