赛丹(endosulfan)在烟草和土壤中的残留研究

Study about residue of endosulfan on tobacco and soil

本文研究了赛丹及其代谢物在烟草中的分析方法及在烟叶、土壤中的降解规律。采用气相色谱法（ Ｅ Ｃ Ｄ）测定。赛丹 ３ 种异构体的最小检知量和最低检出浓度分别为：α１３×１０１１ｇ、β１５×１０１１ｇ、ｅｎｄ３×１０－ １１ｇ，α６×１０４ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ、β１１×１０－ ３ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ、ｅｎｄ２４×１０－ ３ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。回收率均在 ８２４４％ ～１０１％ 之间，变异系数均在１１％ ～６２％ 之间。测得最终干烟叶中１０ｄ 的样品残留量平均为８８３ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ，１５ｄ 的样品残留量平均为４４７ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。赛丹在烟草中降解规律为前期较快，后期相对较慢，在鲜烟叶中半衰期只有１ｄ 左右，在土壤中半衰期为１０ｄ 左右，６０ｄ 的最终残留量平均为 ００６ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ，对土壤不会造成环境影响。

Analysis methods of endosulfan in tobacco plants were studied and disintegrating patterns of its metabolites in tobacco leaves and soils were tested.Extracts were determined by gas chromatography(ECD).The minimum detectable concentration of this three kinds of metabolites of endosulfan was α 6×10 -4 mg/kg,β 1.1×10 -3 mg/kg,end 2 4×10 -3 mg/kg respectively.The recovery rates of the method varied from 82 44% to 101%.Variation coefficient ranged from 1 1% to 6.2%.The average residue in dry leaves after 10 days was 8.83mg/kg,and 4.47mg/kg after 15 days.Disintegration of endosulfan was found relatively faster in early stages while slower in late stages.Half life of the pesticide was about one day in fresh tobacco leaves and 10 days in soils.The final residue after 60 days was averaged 0.06mg/kg.This is not much enough to cause severe environmental problem in the soils.