脉冲管制冷机内部的物理机制

PHYSICAL MECHANISM INSIDE PULSE TUBE CRYOCOOLER

在对脉冲管制冷机的内部过程进行分析之后指出：热力学非对称效应和热声效应是这种制冷机中同时存在的两种重要的物理机制，其中热端调相造成的脉冲管冷端热力学非对称效应是产生制冷效应的主要原因，而气体和固体相互作用产生的热声效应实现了热量的输运，两种效应综合起来决定了脉冲管制冷机的性能。定性地分析了这两种效应及它们的相互关系，为改进脉冲管制冷机的模拟方法打下了基础。还指出，不仅脉冲管冷端存在热力学非对称效应，在脉冲管的热端和回热器的热端也存在着热力学非对称效应。

This article qualitatively points out that the physical mechanism inside pulse tube cryocooler is a combination of thermodynamic non-symmetry effect and thermoacoustic effect, in which thermodynamic non-symmetry effect at cold end of pulse tube results in refrigeration and thermoacoustic effect inside leads to heat flow regenerator. Modification of present quantitative model will be based on this analysis. Besides, we point out that non-symmetry thermodynamic effect also exists at pulse tube hot end and regenerator hot end.