视网膜母细胞瘤的超声诊断分析

Diagnosis of retinoblastoma by ultrasonography

目的 分析视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）的超声诊断价值.方法 162例经手术及病理检查证实为RB患者的210只眼纳入研究.对其超声检查、计算机断层扫描（CT）检查、临床和病理学检查资料进行回顾性分析,分相RB的超声特征以及与病理诊断的符合率.结果 RB的超声表现均以眼球后段实质性肿块为特征,呈球形、半球形及不规则形,甚至充满整个眼球.149例197只眼肿块内有钙化,占病例数的92.0%;13例13只眼肿块中无钙化,但超声高度怀疑为RB,占病例数的8.0%.超声诊断与病理诊断符合率为92.0%.所有患眼肿块内均见与视网膜中央血管相延伸的彩色血流信号.CT检查发现145例167只眼肿块内有斑片状、块状钙化.CT诊断与病理诊断符合率为89.5%.结论 超声检查可以显示肿瘤的形状、大小、内部特征及眼眶内累及范围,在RB诊断中有重要应用价值.

Objective To explore the characteristics and diagnostic values of ultrasound examination of retinoblastoma （RB）. Methods The ultrasound and CT features of 210 eyes （162 patients） with pathologically confirmed RB were analyzed retrospectively. Results The ultrasonography image of those RB eyes were all characterized by substantial masses in the posterior segment of the eyeball, shown as spherical,hemispherical and irregular in shape, and even filled the entire eyeball. Calcification within the mass was observed in 197 eyes of 149 patients （92.0%）, but not observed in 13 eyes of 13 patients （8.0%）. Colorful blood flow signals extended from the central retinal vessels could be seen inside the masses of all patients.Ultrasound diagnosis was consistent with the pathological diagnosis in 92. 0% RB cases. CT examination revealed calcified speckles or plaques in 167 eyes from 145 patients （89. 5%）, consistent with the pathological diagnosis of RB. Conclusions Ultrasonography can show the tumor＇s shape, size, internal features and the range of orbital involvement. It is a valuable clinical tool in the diagnosis of RB.