日本三角涡虫神经系统的AChE组化定位

The Nerve System Identification by Histochemical Localization of Acetylcholinesterase in Planarian Dugesia japonica

日本三角涡虫(Dugesia japonica)是探索再生机理常用的模式动物之一。本实验利用乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)组织化学定位整体日本三角涡虫神经系统,对其方法做了改进,取得理想效果。结果表明:1)日本三角涡虫的AChE阳性(DjAChE+)神经系统结构由中枢神经及其分支神经、侧神经索、外上皮神经网共同构建;2)由背神经网、腹神经网分别与侧神经索连接构成外上皮神经网;3)由脑神经节、腹神经索和视神经构成中枢神经;4)中枢神经发生密集的树枝状分支神经,在脑以及腹神经索内侧相互连接,在口孔内侧形成围口神经环,在咽基部延伸至咽部组织,形成咽神经网;5)中枢神经发生密集的树枝状分支神经,在脑以及腹神经索外侧连接背神经网和腹神经网,最终与侧神经索交汇。背神经网、腹神经网和侧神经索为本研究的重要发现。本论文为研究日本三角涡虫神经的再生机理提供了较为完整的神经解剖学数据,并提供了研究DjAChE+神经系统的一种简便高效的组织化学研究方法。

Dugesia japonica is usually used as model animal for the study of regeneration mechanism. In this study, an improved acetylcholinesterase histochemical method was used to locate the nerve system of D. japonica. The research results （ DjAChE ＋ ） showed that the nerve system of D. japonica consisted of central nerve system and its branches, lateral nerve cords and peripheral epithelial nerve net. Dorsal and ventral nerve nets connected respectively with lateral nerve cords and formed the peripheral epithelial nerve net. Central nerve system was comprised of cerebral ganglion, ventral nerve cords and optic nerves. The multi-branch nerves from the central nerve connected with each other in the medial area of the cerebral ganglion and ventral nerve cords, which formed stomatic nerve ring in the medial mouth, which extended from pharynx root to pharynx tissue and formed pharyngal nerve net. The multi-branch nerves from the central nerve connected with both dorsal and ventral nerve nets, and then joined together with lateral nerve cords. The important findings in this research were that dorsal nerve net, ventral nerve net and lateral nerve cords coexisted in the D. japonica nerve system. This study provided the systematic neuroanatomical foundation for the regeneration mechanism of the D.japonica nerve system, and provided a simple and efficient histochemistry method for the AChE ~ structure research in different planarians.