2004-2009年宁夏人间布鲁杆菌病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of human brucellosis in Ningxia from 2004 to 2009

目的 了解宁夏布鲁杆菌病（简称布病）的流行规律及趋势,为采取科学有效的防治措施提供依据.方法 2004-2009年,对宁夏银川市、石嘴山市、吴忠市、固原市和中卫市五地市网络报告的布病患者的资料进行整理和回顾分析,资料内容包括人口学特征、就诊情况及病史病程等方面信息,分析指标包括报告发病率;患者的性别、年龄、地区分布、城乡分布情况;转为慢性期率及其影响因素;病例报告单位的分布情况等.结果 2004-2009宁夏累计报告布病349例,无死亡病例,年报告发病率分别为0.017/10万、0.543/10万、0.151/10万、0.563/10万、1.771/10万、2.692/10万;男女比约为5.5∶1（295/54）;≥30岁年龄组所占比例相对较高（27.5%,96/349）;患者职业分布主要以农牧民为主（70.2%,245/349）;在布病患者人数的地区分布中,吴忠市所占比例最高（61.9%,216/349）,其次为银川市（22.9%,80/349）;农村的布病患者所占比例（97.4%,340/349）高于城市（2.6%,9/349）;患者转为慢性期的比例为11.2%（39/349）,随着年龄的增长,布病转为慢性期的机会有减少的趋势（优势比为0.966）;疾病预防控制中心报告病例占74.8%（261/349）,医院报告的病例占25.2%（88/349）.结论 宁夏人间布病发病率呈逐年快速上升趋势,发病主要以男性青壮年为主,转慢率较高,医院发现报告病例的能力较弱.应采取综合措施,加大经费投入、加强监测、不断提高医务人员诊断意识和水平,进一步加强对布病的预防控制.

Objective To learn the prevalence and trends of Brucella disease in Ningxia, in order to provide scientific basis for effective control of the disease. Methods Data of Brucella cases reported through city network from 2004 to 2009 in Yinchuan city, Shizuishan city, Wuzhong city, Guyuan city and Zhongwei city of Ningxia were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The data included demographic characteristics, treatment conditions and medical history so on related information. Analytical indicators include reported incidence;with patients＇ gender, age, regional distribution, urban and rural distribution;become chronic and associated factors;distribution of the cases reporting unit and so on. Results From 2004 to 2009, Ningxia had reported 349 cases of Brucellosis, no deaths, the annual incidence rates reported were 0.017/10 million, 0.543/10 million, 0.151/101 （295/54）;The proportion of 34- to 40-year-old age group was higher than other age groups（27.5%, 96/349）;Occupational distribution of patients was mainly farmers and herdsmen（70.2% ,245/349）, in regional distribution of the patients, the highest percentage was Wuzhong city（61.9%,216/349）, followed by Yinchuan city（22.9%,80/349）;The proportion of patients in rural areas（97.4% ,340/349） was higher than urban（2.6% ,9/349）;the proportion of patients converted to chronic was 11.2% （39/349）. With age, the chance of patients converted to chronic was in a decreasing trend（odds ratio was 0.966）;cases reported by Centre for Disease Control and Prevention accounted for 74.8%（261/349）, by hospital accounted for 25.2%（88/349）. Conclusions The reported incidence of Brucellosis in Ningxia is in a rapid upward trend year by year, the patients is mainly young men, the rate of converted to chronic is higher and the ability of hospital in founding and reporting of the cases is weaker.Comprehensive measures should be taken to increase funding, strengthen monitoring, and continuously improve the level of awareness and diagnosis of medical personnel for further strengthen the prevention and control of Brucellosis.