虚拟手在纵形断指临床解剖学的研究

Digitized virtual hand:anatomical characteristics of longitudinally-severed fingers

目的探讨应用数字化虚拟技术研究纵形断指的临床解剖学特点。方法将虚拟手模型三维图形文件导入Mimics软件,利用Simulation模块的正交立体切割工具,对重建后的手分别沿指体侧中线、指体侧中线偏背侧、指体侧中线偏掌侧、指体掌(背)侧中线截面进行切割,并对其解剖学形态进行观察测量。结果建立了基于解剖结构的可视化手模型并精确显示其主要解剖结构,各结构可单独、联合显示,可任意旋转缩放,模型透视及多剖面显示。切割截面骨骼、动脉、神经、肌腱等结构呈现纵向斜形,动脉管腔截面可见短斜形、长斜形、类圆形等多种形式。各平面切割缺如情况不一,呈现多平面,多形状,多节段,空间立体分布特征。切割截面形态与伤指实际情况基本相符,能真实反映断指伤情及损伤特点。结论数字化虚拟技术可较真实的虚拟再现纵形断指伤情,能为纵行断指伤再植研究提供临床应用解剖学依据。

Objective To study anatomical characteristics of longitudinally-severed fingers via digitized virtual technology. Methods Multiple dissections of hand were performed by software of Mimics, and the finger was cut into a palm-half and a dorsum-half from tip to metacarpophalangieal striation along the midline of finger via the tools of Mimics. Many forms of digitized virtual longitudinally-severed fingers were obtained. All parts were observed, measured and analyzed. Rosttlts Anatomic structures were exactly showed on the virtual hand, through the multiform solitude or combined ways. Digital bone, extensor and flexor tendons, innate arteries, and nerves can be cut longitudinally into multiple parts, involving oblique, transverse or longitudinal rupture or loss on some segments. The morphologic features of digitized virtual injured hand looked like that of actual traumatic hands. Conclusions The visible hand model can provide 3D morphological data for clinical practice and research of longitudinally-severed fingers, as well provide digitized model for virtual reality.