坝上高原不同土地利用类型的地块土壤风蚀对比及年际变化分析

The Comparison and the Analysis of Interannual Variability on Soil Wind-erosion of the Different Land-use Types in Bashang Plateau

以河北省坝上高原康保牧场为实验区,采用标桩法,通过2007—2008年和2008—2009年土壤风蚀量的测定,对比分析不同地块土壤风蚀情况及2个年度测定土壤风蚀量的年际差异.结果表明:天然植被的抗风蚀能力要好于人工植被;灌草混交植被比单纯性草地植被抗风蚀效果好;退耕还林草应尽量选择当地树种、草种;秋季耕地高留茬不仅可以减轻土壤风蚀,还起到风积土壤的作用;冬春季降水量的减少和气温增高,是土壤风蚀量增加的主要可能原因;农牧交错带的生态恢复重建是一个漫长的过程.

The Kangbao pasture of Hebei province is selected as the experimental area,soil wind-erosion depth of 2007—2008 and 2008—2009 is measured by the standard stake method,the soil wind-erosion depth is compared and the status of soil wind-erosion of the different land-use types is analyzed and the main reason why the soil wind-erosion of year of 2008—2009 is different from year of 2007—2008 is found.Results indicate：As for the ability to resist wind erosion of soil,natural vegetation is better than artificial vegetation.In respect of the effect to resist wind erosion,mixed shrub-grass vegetation is better than the simple grassland vegetation.Returning farmland to forests and grassland should try to select local tree species and grass seed.Farmland with high stubble in autumn can not only highly reduce the soil wind-erosion but also function as wind-deposited soil.The reduction of precipitation and raise up of temperature are the main reasons of the increasing soil wind-erosion amount.Compared with year of 2007—2008,soil wind-erosion depth of year of 2008—2009 is increased,which indicates that the restoration and reconstruction of ecology is a long process in land desertification area.