国家在场与湘西苗族文化的变迁——民国政府的文化同化策略在湘西苗族地区的实践

State Presence and the Cultural Changes of the Miao Ethnic Minority of Western Hunan——The Implementation of KMD Government's Cultural Assimilation Strategy in the Areas of the Miao Ethnic Minority of Western Hunan

民国政府为了建立民族-国家,以汉族文化为标准对湘西苗族进行了文化同化策略。其内容包括:对湘西苗族进行风俗调查和开展新生活运动,改变苗族称呼,兴办国民教育等。但是文化同化的初衷却以失败而告终,其主要原因在于:西方民族-国家模式不适合中国国情;社会局势动荡不安;文化同化策略缺乏持续性且实施不力;国家政权力量较弱等。

To construct the nation-state, KMD Government implemented the cultural assimilation strategy to Han culture as the standard in the areas of the Miao Ethnic Minority of Western Hunan.It included： investigating Miao＇s customs and carrying out the new life movement ,changing Miao＇s addressing, and promoting national education etc. However, the cultural assimilation strategy is failed, the main reason of invalidation of the cultural assimilation is that western nation - state model is not suitable for China,society was turbulented; the cultural assimilation strategy lacked continuity and implementation, the state power was weak and so on.