明代岷州后氏家族与大崇教寺

The Hou-Family of Minzhou in Ming Dynasty and the Da Chongjiao Temple

岷州后氏家族为唐代吐蕃军将裔脉,元代即为当地政教望族。明代,后氏为岷州卫世袭土官,位居上层。出身于后氏的班丹札释则因其在沟通中央与西藏地方政、教关系方面的重要贡献而得到明朝廷的礼重,最终获封"法王"尊号,并长期驻锡于京师大隆善寺,荣受朝廷奉养。班丹札释所创大崇教寺,是属于后氏家族的家族性藏传佛教寺院,基于后氏的政教地位,再加上明王朝的扶持,该寺成为明代岷州地区的中心大寺。由于班丹札释的关系,大崇教寺与京师大隆善寺关系密切,大隆善寺实为大崇教寺僧人在京师活动的主要据点,大崇教寺僧人也因此与明朝宫廷之间保持着不同寻常的关系。但至明末清初,大崇教寺在岷州地区中心大寺的地位逐渐由同为后氏所控制的"下院"即属寺圆觉寺所取代。

The Hou-Family in Minzhou are descendants of the Tubo generals in Tang Dynasty. They were the local political and religious family in Yuan Dynasty. In Ming Dynasty, they were the Minzhou corps hereditary local officials, and ranked in the upper. Because of the communication contribution between Tibet and the imperial court, Bandan received the courteous reception, and was conferred dharmaraja on him. As the dependant by the court, he was stationed in the Da Longshan Temple of Beijing chronically. Da Chongjiao Temple was created by Bandan, and became the central temple of the Minzhou region in Ming Dynasty. For this reason, there was a intimate contact between the two temples. But in the transitional period of Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Da Chongjiao Temple was replaced by the Yuanjue Temple.