饲粮铜添加水平对育成蛋鸡免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effects of Dietary Copper Levels on Immunity and Activity of Anti-oxidation Enzyme of Growing-laying Hens

本文旨在探讨饲粮铜水平对育成蛋鸡免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验选用9周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡216只,随机分为6组(Ⅰ～Ⅵ组),每组3个重复,每个重复12只鸡。Ⅰ组试验鸡饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ～Ⅵ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加6.5、30.0、60.0、125.0和250.0mg/kg铜(CuSO4.5H2O)的试验饲粮。预试期7d,正试验42d。结果表明:Ⅲ组免疫器官指数极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅵ组法氏囊指数和脾脏指数极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01),16周龄时Ⅰ、Ⅵ组胸腺指数极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01);Ⅲ组血清铜蓝蛋白、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶及谷胱甘肽转移酶活性极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),Ⅵ组极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01),Ⅲ组血清丙二醛含量极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅵ组极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01);Ⅲ组淋巴细胞转化率OD值极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组极显著低于其他3组(P<0.01),新城疫抗体效价Ⅲ组显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综合本试验结果,30.0mg/kg铜为育成蛋鸡基础饲粮的最适添加量(基础饲粮中实测含铜量4.85mg/kg)。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary copper levels on the immunity and the activity of anti-oxidation enzyme in serum of growing-laying hens. Two hundred and sixteen 9-week-age Hailan brown growing laying hens were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates each and 12 hens in each replicate. Chickens in group Ⅰ were fed basal diet, and group Ⅱ~Ⅵ were fed diets supplemented with 6.5, 30.0, 60.0, 125.0 and 250.0 mg/kg copper （CuSO4·5H2O）, respectively. The trial lasted for 49 days, including preset period for 7 days and test period for 42 days. The results showed that： 1） the index of immune-organ in group Ⅲ was significantly increased compared with that in other groups （P0.01）, and the indices of bursa of Fabricius and spleen in groups Ⅰ and Ⅵ were significantly reduced compared with those in other groups （P0.01）, and the indices of thymus in groups Ⅰ and Ⅵ were significantly reduced compared with those in other groups in 16 weeks age; 2） activities of serum anti-oxidation enzyme （ceruloplasmin, Cu/Zn-SOD, catalase, GSH-ST） in group Ⅲ were significantly increased compared with those in other groups （P0.01）, and the activities in group Ⅵ were significantly reduced compared with those in other groups （P0.01）; and serum MDA content in group Ⅲ was significantly reduced compared with that in other groups （P0.01）, and MDA contents in groups Ⅰ and Ⅵ were significantly increased compared with those in other groups; 3） lymphocyte transformation rate in group Ⅲ was significantly increased compared with those in other groups （P0.01）, the rates in groups Ⅰ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ were significantly reduced compared with those in other groups （P0.01）, and antibody valence of Newcastle disease in serum in group Ⅲ was significantly increased compared with that in groupsⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ （P0.05 or P0.01）. In conclusion, the appropriate supplementation of copper in diet of growing laying hens is 30.0 mg/kg （the actual content of copper in basal diet is 4.85 mg/kg）.