我国东西部农地使用权流转和非农就业关系的比较——基于CHARLS(2008)数据的实证分析

Comparison about Relationship of Farmland Circulation and Non-agricultural Employment between Eastern and Western China——An Empirical Analysis of CHARLS(2008) Data

我国农村非农就业和农地使用权流转的关系一直是学界研究的热点,但并未形成统一定论。为此,通过对"中国健康养老追踪调查"(CHARLS)于2008年在浙江省和甘肃省95个农村的1549个农户的调查数据进行相关分析和对比分析发现:浙江省比甘肃省租出农地的农户比例高,而甘肃省比浙江省农民外出务工的比例高。两省农户的非农就业和农地使用权流转是显著正相关的关系,但甘肃省的农户非农就业和租出农地农户比例正相关关系并不显著。这表明对于西部欠发达地区来说,土地的社会保障功能更加重要,农户对土地的依赖性更大,即使外出打工也不愿意出租土地。因此,政府不能单纯依靠推动农村劳动的转移促进农地使用权流转,而必须考虑农民的根本性需求,进行合理引导。

It is a hot research issue that the relationship between non-agricultural employment and farmland circulation,but there is not a unified conclusion.In this paper,we use survey data of ＂China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）＂,which interviewed 1549 households of 95 villages in Zhejiang and Gansu Province in 2008,to analyze the relationship between non-agricultural employment and farmland circulation,and compare it between eastern and western China.The result is,the proportion of households who rent out farmland in Zhejiang Province is higher than Gansu Province,while the proportion of villagers who did non-agricultural work in Zhejiang Province is lower than Gansu Province.Overall,there is significant positive correlation between farmland circulation and non-agricultural employment in both provinces.While the positive correlation between the proportion of households who rent out farmland and non-agricultural employment is not significant.It shows that the farmland has more important social security function for western villagers,so they are more dependent on the farmland and unwilling to rent out the farmland.Therefore,the government should not only rely on the rural labor transfer to promote farmland circulation,but also take proper measurements considering the fundamental needs of the farmers.